My research project is on Micro, Macro expressions and emotions. I discovered this topic by the fox show Lie to Me. I found it very interesting that we show our emotion controlled and uncontrolled. My big question was "Do you really want to be able to read every ones face, because once you have the gift it doesn't go away." My interview was with Mark Frank was one of my favorite thing about the research project, he help with the production of the show Lie to Me. My other favorite part was writing a script for the show. Since I am a avid watcher of the show, it was a lot of fun thinking up different things that could happen and making them a script. His interview was last minuet and turned out to be very interesting. In my research, I found many useful techniques of how to tell if someone is lying by reading their face. I have gotten to where I notice when people are lying without really thinking about it, I find this fascinating. In my research I found that the part of the brain that generates emotions also sends signals to tell your face what to do. In the end, I determined that it is a good thing to be able to read peoples faces at work or school but when it comes to knowing if a spouse or loved one is lying it is a hard thing to handle. If one could turn off their ability then it would be much more functional.
TABLE OF CONTENTS
1. Live Interaction- Testing Myself
2.Emotion and Expression
3.Paul Ekman
4.Micro-Expressions
5.Facial Expression
6.Emotions Revealed
7.Cultural Emotions
8.How to Spot a Liar
9.Reading A Face
10. Lie to Me- Script
11. Interview
12. Universal Expressions
May 18, 2009
Live Interaction- Testing myself
Summary
For my live interaction, I laid out a twenty dollar bill on our coffee table at my house. I put it in a place that everyone in the house would pass during the day. My experiment was to see if I could tell who took the money by reading their facial expressions. I was to leave the house and go hang out with friends, then come back. If the money was gone ask to see who took it and see if I could tell they were lying.
The twenty dollars were gone and my test began. I went to my little sister first to ask her if she had seen my twenty dollars. She said no and continued what she was doing. I went to go find my mom; she said the same with a little added motherly instruction not to leave money around unless I wanted it to get taken. She showed a smirk using her nostrils and upper lip. This showed that she wasn’t surprised that I had lost money and that she was irritated that I left money lying around or that she didn’t get it. Then I went to my step-father and asked him. He said he never saw money on the table and then I asked him more questions about if he knew who took it. He got aggravated that I was pestering him and he clinched his fist. This set me off and I asked him if he would please give me my money back and he said that it wasn’t mine it was his because he has a job and I don’t. In the end I could tell it was him who had the money by his body actions.
Connection
I think that doing this experiment helped me to know how hard it can be to read one’s expressions. It was the most challenging to ask questions then listening and comprehending what one was saying while trying to read their face. I know now that it is a difficult job and it takes a natural skill and/ or a constant practice to see what one is truly saying with their face. I have a new kind of respect for detectives and negotiators. They have a job that only a few in this world can truly do with confidence.
For my live interaction, I laid out a twenty dollar bill on our coffee table at my house. I put it in a place that everyone in the house would pass during the day. My experiment was to see if I could tell who took the money by reading their facial expressions. I was to leave the house and go hang out with friends, then come back. If the money was gone ask to see who took it and see if I could tell they were lying.
The twenty dollars were gone and my test began. I went to my little sister first to ask her if she had seen my twenty dollars. She said no and continued what she was doing. I went to go find my mom; she said the same with a little added motherly instruction not to leave money around unless I wanted it to get taken. She showed a smirk using her nostrils and upper lip. This showed that she wasn’t surprised that I had lost money and that she was irritated that I left money lying around or that she didn’t get it. Then I went to my step-father and asked him. He said he never saw money on the table and then I asked him more questions about if he knew who took it. He got aggravated that I was pestering him and he clinched his fist. This set me off and I asked him if he would please give me my money back and he said that it wasn’t mine it was his because he has a job and I don’t. In the end I could tell it was him who had the money by his body actions.
Connection
I think that doing this experiment helped me to know how hard it can be to read one’s expressions. It was the most challenging to ask questions then listening and comprehending what one was saying while trying to read their face. I know now that it is a difficult job and it takes a natural skill and/ or a constant practice to see what one is truly saying with their face. I have a new kind of respect for detectives and negotiators. They have a job that only a few in this world can truly do with confidence.
Emotion and Expression
Emotion and Expression
Summary
This passage explains some of the psychology behind facial expressions and behavior. As well as how certain facial expressions are linked to a certain behavior and emotions. It explains happy, sad, anger, fear, disgust and surprise emotions and expressions.
Connection
“The term ‘expression’ implies the existence of something that is expressed (Hager).” People separate emotions in the same way in all cultures, similar facial expressions happen because of a certain emotion caused by an event. A happy emotion leads to a smile, which can be determined by crow’s feet by the eyes to till if it is fake or real. Happy expression are the easiest to fins and read but can be deceptive for they may be covering a lie, this is where micro expressions come into view to see if someone is lying. An expression of sadness can display many messages of loss, pain, helplessness or discomfort. “A common sense view, shared by many psychologists, is that sad emotion faces are lower intensity forms of crying faces” (Hager). Though tears are often a sign of sadness they are deceptive too, for they can also be tears of happiness. Anger emotions are a cause of stress and underlying personal aggression. When one person shows anger, it gets passed along like a virus to the others around that person. Anger is often associated with violence and destruction, but it is what keeps us hard at work to make society what it is (Hager). In an anger expression a slight snarl of the lip or a pull together of the eyebrows is a micro expression giving away ones true feeling. Disgust expressions are triggered by something we don’t like or can sometimes be apart of anger. A snarl of the upper lip is a good sign of disgust. Surprise is an emotion that can have two possible expressions both macros. If I were to throw a glass mug against a wall you would gasp or your eyes would get bigger, this would last 2 to 5 seconds and you could possibly show a sign of fear with the surprise. This happens when someone scares you. The fear with surprise would be different if it where to be unexpected party or gift like when being proposed to. We can’t hide our emotions no matter how hard we try .
Hager. Joseph.”Emotion and Facial Expression.” A Human Face. 9 April 2009.
<http://www.face-and-emotion.com/dataface/emotion/expression.jsp>.
Summary
This passage explains some of the psychology behind facial expressions and behavior. As well as how certain facial expressions are linked to a certain behavior and emotions. It explains happy, sad, anger, fear, disgust and surprise emotions and expressions.
Connection
“The term ‘expression’ implies the existence of something that is expressed (Hager).” People separate emotions in the same way in all cultures, similar facial expressions happen because of a certain emotion caused by an event. A happy emotion leads to a smile, which can be determined by crow’s feet by the eyes to till if it is fake or real. Happy expression are the easiest to fins and read but can be deceptive for they may be covering a lie, this is where micro expressions come into view to see if someone is lying. An expression of sadness can display many messages of loss, pain, helplessness or discomfort. “A common sense view, shared by many psychologists, is that sad emotion faces are lower intensity forms of crying faces” (Hager). Though tears are often a sign of sadness they are deceptive too, for they can also be tears of happiness. Anger emotions are a cause of stress and underlying personal aggression. When one person shows anger, it gets passed along like a virus to the others around that person. Anger is often associated with violence and destruction, but it is what keeps us hard at work to make society what it is (Hager). In an anger expression a slight snarl of the lip or a pull together of the eyebrows is a micro expression giving away ones true feeling. Disgust expressions are triggered by something we don’t like or can sometimes be apart of anger. A snarl of the upper lip is a good sign of disgust. Surprise is an emotion that can have two possible expressions both macros. If I were to throw a glass mug against a wall you would gasp or your eyes would get bigger, this would last 2 to 5 seconds and you could possibly show a sign of fear with the surprise. This happens when someone scares you. The fear with surprise would be different if it where to be unexpected party or gift like when being proposed to. We can’t hide our emotions no matter how hard we try .
Hager. Joseph.”Emotion and Facial Expression.” A Human Face. 9 April 2009.
<http://www.face-and-emotion.com/dataface/emotion/expression.jsp>.
May 17, 2009
Micro-Expressions
The article is about physiologist Mark Frank who studies facial expressions. He is employed by investigative bodies around the world for help with "top hits''. Frank's mentor in his pre-doctoral days was Paul Ekman, a philosopher in facial behavior at the University of California. Frank”in addition to teaching them how to recognize behavioral cues, he has successfully advocated the use of a "rapport building" style of communication in interviews, because it is much more effective than the hostile/accusatory styles used in the past."
Frank became able to tell when people were up to no good by there actions when he was a jumper at a night club. Frank and his colleague made a numbering scale for the movements of the face:” for example, left and right eyebrows up is 1; down, 2; eyebrows pulled together, 4; upper eyelid raised, 5, and so on and related them to expressions of various emotion that are found the world over (Science Daily).” If talking to a person their furrows, smiles, smirks, tics, frowns and wrinkles show ones true feeling about a subject offering a surprisingly accurate view of the emotions of that person. Frank has found sometimes involuntary movements of the forty four facial muscles that are connected by emotions like fear, distrust, distress and other emotions leading to dishonesty. This is how emotions are related to facial expressions.
University at Buffalo. "Lying Is Exposed By Micro-expressions We Can't Control." ScienceDaily 5 May 2006. 27 March 2009 <http://www.sciencedaily.com+/releases/2006/05/060505161952.htm[ej5] >.
Frank became able to tell when people were up to no good by there actions when he was a jumper at a night club. Frank and his colleague made a numbering scale for the movements of the face:” for example, left and right eyebrows up is 1; down, 2; eyebrows pulled together, 4; upper eyelid raised, 5, and so on and related them to expressions of various emotion that are found the world over (Science Daily).” If talking to a person their furrows, smiles, smirks, tics, frowns and wrinkles show ones true feeling about a subject offering a surprisingly accurate view of the emotions of that person. Frank has found sometimes involuntary movements of the forty four facial muscles that are connected by emotions like fear, distrust, distress and other emotions leading to dishonesty. This is how emotions are related to facial expressions.
University at Buffalo. "Lying Is Exposed By Micro-expressions We Can't Control." ScienceDaily 5 May 2006. 27 March 2009 <http://www.sciencedaily.com+/releases/2006/05/060505161952.htm[ej5] >.
Facial Expressions
Mary Duenwald wrote the article about Paul Ekman and his study of micro expressions. She talks about his background some, and then tells his philosophy and the seven categories our expressions are put into. Then he goes on to tell about the involvement of micro-expressions in our country’s security.
Connection
The seven categories of micro expressions are sadness, anger, fear, happiness, surprise, contempt and disgust (Duenwald). In sadness “the eyelids droop as the inner corners of the brows rise and, in extreme sadness, draw together. The corners of the lips pull down, and the lower lip may push up in a pout (Duenwald) .” In fear “the eyes widen and the upper lids rise, as in surprise, but the brows draw together. The lips stretch horizontally.” In surprize “the upper eyelids and brows rise, and the jaw drops open (Duenwald) .” Contemptment. “ is the only expression that appears on just one side of the face: One half of the upper lip tightens upward.” In happiness, “the corners of the mouth lift in a smile. As the eyelids tighten, the cheeks rise and the outside corners of the brows pull down.” In anger, “both the lower and upper eyelids tighten as the brows lower and draw together. Intense anger raises the upper eyelids as well. The jaw thrusts forward, the lips press together, and the lower lip may push up a little.” In disgust, “the nose wrinkles and the upper lip rises while the lower lip protrudes.” Showing surprise, “the upper eyelids and brows rise, and the jaw drops open (Duenwald).” We can use these expression to find terrorist in our country and find the lyers that live all around us. But would this really help knowing that you are being lied to? I feel it will help in our government and politics to know who is really going to help or country but what if someone makes a mistake and says someone was lying when they really wern’t. It is easyer to tell if someone is lying than to tell if they are telling the truth.
Duanwald, Mary. "The Physiology of . . . Facial Expressions ." Discover Jan 2005
Web.10 Apr 2009..
Connection
The seven categories of micro expressions are sadness, anger, fear, happiness, surprise, contempt and disgust (Duenwald). In sadness “the eyelids droop as the inner corners of the brows rise and, in extreme sadness, draw together. The corners of the lips pull down, and the lower lip may push up in a pout (Duenwald) .” In fear “the eyes widen and the upper lids rise, as in surprise, but the brows draw together. The lips stretch horizontally.” In surprize “the upper eyelids and brows rise, and the jaw drops open (Duenwald) .” Contemptment. “ is the only expression that appears on just one side of the face: One half of the upper lip tightens upward.” In happiness, “the corners of the mouth lift in a smile. As the eyelids tighten, the cheeks rise and the outside corners of the brows pull down.” In anger, “both the lower and upper eyelids tighten as the brows lower and draw together. Intense anger raises the upper eyelids as well. The jaw thrusts forward, the lips press together, and the lower lip may push up a little.” In disgust, “the nose wrinkles and the upper lip rises while the lower lip protrudes.” Showing surprise, “the upper eyelids and brows rise, and the jaw drops open (Duenwald).” We can use these expression to find terrorist in our country and find the lyers that live all around us. But would this really help knowing that you are being lied to? I feel it will help in our government and politics to know who is really going to help or country but what if someone makes a mistake and says someone was lying when they really wern’t. It is easyer to tell if someone is lying than to tell if they are telling the truth.
Duanwald, Mary. "The Physiology of . . . Facial Expressions ." Discover Jan 2005
Web.10 Apr 2009.
Emotions Revealed
This book was written by Paul Ekman, and is the second edition. Ekman tells of his experiments and findings on micro and macro expressions and emotions. He explains when we become emotional and how to change how emotional we get. He tells of the seven main emotions we show; sadness, anger, surprise, fear, disgust and contempt. How emotions relate to lies and how to live with emotions.
ConnWe use micro and macro-expressions every day. Our faces show our emotions with our expressions. We have many different facial expressions, one expression a person might use on a daily basis is a smile, and you can tell a real smile from a fake smile by the crow’s feet in the corner of the eyes. The eyes squint and form wrinkle like indentions that look like a bird feet. Ekman used experiments to determine the facts about our expressions. In his first experiment he ”showed photographs to people in five cultures- Chile, Argentina, Brazil, Japan, and the United States- and asked them to judge what emotion was shown in each facial expression. The majority in every culture agreed, suggesting that expressions might really be universal” (Ekman pg. 3). This was one of his many experiments to find out what truly makes us show our feelings and emotions on our faces. In Ekman’s studies with other scientist and psychologists help he discovered micro and macro expressions. The facial reading techniques are used today by the Department of Safety and police forces around the world.
Ekman, Paul. Emotions Revealed, Second Edition: Recognizing Faces and Feelings to
Improve Communication and Emotional Life . New York: Henry Holt and Company, 2007. Print.
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